African Environmental Ethics: From Owning Nature to Relations of Care
Introduction Many African traditions offer resources for understanding the environment as a network of relations among people, land, water, living beings, and future generations. This does not imply that traditional societies always lived in ecological harmony; it broadens moral concern beyond immediate individual interest. Historical Context Environmental responsibility appears through ideas of trusteeship, kinship, and continuity among the living, ancestors, and those yet unborn. Land becomes a condition of identity, food, and memory rather than merely an exchangeable commodity. Core Concepts Africa must not be romanticized as naturally green. Climate change, extraction, and waste are tied to global economic structures and decisions by states and corporations, while harms are unequally distributed within communities. Philosophical Significance Relational ethics can support climate justice by joining cultural recognition, material distribution, and political participation. Care for na...